CI: Various updates to buildAsterisk.sh

* Added ---no-configure, --no-menuselect, --no-make and --no-alembic
  options that prevent those actions from being performed.  Useful
  for testing and re-running portions of the build after fixing
  earlier failures.

* Added "set -e" to abort the script on command failure.
  Not sure why this wasn't there in the first place.

* Fixed a few echos that were redirecting to stderr when they shouldn't
  have been.

* Catch more alembic failures by actually trying to generate the SQL.

Change-Id: I9f395fa4e9254be7299e7c1014f1a13db78faffb