core: Use eventfd for alert pipes on Linux when possible

The primary win of switching to eventfd when possible is that it only
uses a single file descriptor while pipe() will use two. This means for
each bridge channel we're reducing the number of required file
descriptors by 1, and - if you're using timerfd - we also now have 1
less file descriptor per Asterisk channel.

The API is not ideal (passing int arrays), but this is the cleanest
approach I could come up with to maintain API/ABI.

I've also removed what I believe to be an erroneous code block that
checked the non-blocking flag on the pipe ends for each read. If the
file descriptor is 'losing' its non-blocking mode, it is because of a
bug somewhere else in our code.

In my testing I haven't seen any measurable difference in performance.

Change-Id: Iff0fb1573e7f7a187d5211ddc60aa8f3da3edb1d