AST-2018-009: Fix crash processing websocket HTTP Upgrade requests

The HTTP request processing in res_http_websocket allocates additional
space on the stack for various headers received during an Upgrade request.
An attacker could send a specially crafted request that causes this code
to overflow the stack, resulting in a crash.

* No longer allocate memory from the stack in a loop to parse the header
values.  NOTE: There is a slight API change when using the passed in
strings as is.  We now require the passed in strings to no longer have
leading or trailing whitespace.  This isn't a problem as the only callers
have already done this before passing the strings to the affected
function.

ASTERISK-28013 #close

Change-Id: Ia564825a8a95e085fd17e658cb777fe1afa8091a