This change exposes the channel driver's unique id (i.e. the Call-ID
for chan_sip/chan_pjsip based channels) to ARI channel resources
as `protocol_id`.

ASTERISK-30027
Reported by: Moritz Fain
Tested by: Moritz Fain

Change-Id: I7cc6e7a9d29efe74bc27811d788dac20fe559b87